Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
 | 
Online Publication Date: 05 Nov 2007

Early Geological Maps of West Virginia

Page Range: 14 – 35
DOI: 10.17704/eshi.8.1.e71w4vn547206n48
Save
Download PDF

Since Guettard presented his geological map of North America in 1752, over 100 geological maps were produced that cover all or parts of West Virginia up to 1897, when the State Geological Survey was formed. Their quality, accuracy, scale, and general content vary widely, but each contributed to our growing understanding of West Virginia and Appalachian geology. This annotated, chronologic list of maps illustrates this wide diversity and steady improvement of early geological mapping.

Depuis que Guettard a presenté sa carte géologique de l'Amérique du Nord en 1752, plus de 100 cartes géologiques étaient faites qui couvrent toute ou des parties de Virginie Occidentale jusqu'à 1897, quand le Cadastre Géologique de l'Etat etait forme. Leur qualité, exactitude, échelle, et contenu général varient bien, mais chacune a contribué à notre entendement croissant de la géologie de Virginie Occidentale et d'Appalachie. Cette liste annotée et chronologique des cartes eclaircit cette grande diversité et cette amelioration ferme de la première cartographie géologique.

Boyd, E. F., 1876, Remarks on the coal measures and oil produce of the United States of America, collected during a visit to that country in the autumn of 1875: North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers, Transactions, v. 25, p. 145-175.

Brown, S. B., 1901, A bibliography of works upon the geology and natural resources of West Virginia, from 1764 to 1901. And also a cartography of West Virginia, from 1737 to 1901: West Virginia Geological Survey Bulletin 1, 85 p.

Cailleux, A., 1979, The geological map of North America (1752) of J.-E. Guettard: in Schneer, C. J., editor, Two hundred years of geology in America, University Press of New England, Hanover, NH, p. 43-52.

Campbell, M. R., 1896, Pocahontas folio: U. S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas 26, 12 p.

Campbell, M. R. and Mendenhall, W. C., 1897, Tazewell folio: U. S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas 44, 13 p.

Chamberlin, T. C., 1883, Geology of Wisconsin-Survey of 1873-1879: Wisconsin Geological Survey, v. 1, part 1, 725 p.

Cleaveland, P., 1816, An elementary treatise on mineralogy and geology: Cummings and Hilliard, Boston, MA, 668 p.

Daddow, S. H. and Bannan, B., 1866, Coal, iron, and oil; or, the practical American miner: J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, PA, 808 p.

Darton, N. H., 1894, Staunton folio: U. S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas 14, 11 p.

Darton, N. H., 1896, Franklin folio: U. S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas 32, 13 p.

Darton, N. H. and Taff, J. A., 1896, Piedmont folio: U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas 28, 13 p.

Foster, J. W., 1869, The Mississippi Valley: S. C. Griggs Co., Chicago, 443 p.

Geiger, H. R. and Keith, A., 1891, The structure of the Blue Ridge near Harpers Ferry: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 2, p. 155-164.

Gray, O. W., 1879, The National Atlas: O. W. Gray and Son, Philadelphia, PA, 268 p.

Hall, J., 1843, Natural History of New York-Geology: part 4, Carroll and Cook, Albany, NY, 683 p.

Hicks, F. C., editor, 1904, Thomas Hutchins-A topographical description of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina: reprint from original 1778 edition, Burrows Brothers, Cleveland, OH, 143 p.

Hildreth, S. P., 1836, Observations on the bituminous coal deposits of the valley of the Ohio, and the accompanying rock strata; with notices of the fossil organic remains and the relics of vegetable and animal bodies, illustrated by a geological map, by numerous drawings of plants and shells, and by views of interesting scenery: American Journal of Science, v. 29, p. 1-154.

Hinton, J. H., 1832, The history and topography of the United States: London (Geological text and map is in v, 2, p. 45-89).

Hitchcock, C. H., 1881, Geological map of the United States: Julius Bien, NY, 29 p.

Hitchcock, E. 1853, Outline of the geology of the globe, and of the United States in particular: Phillips, Sampson and Co., Boston, MA, 136 p.

Hotchkiss, J., 1876, Virginia-A geographical and political summary: Richmond, VA, 319 p.

Hotchkiss, J., 1880-1885, The Virginias, a mining, industrial & scientificjournal devoted to the development of Virginia and West Virginia: v. 1-6, Richmond, VA.

Ireland, H. A., 1943, History of the development of geologic maps: Geological Society America Bulletin, v. 54, p. 1227-1280.

Keith, A., 1894a, Geology of the Catoctin belt: U. S. Geological Survey, 14th Annual Report, part II, p. 293-395.

Keith, A., 1894b, Harpers Ferry folio: U. S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas 10, 11 p.

LeGear, C. E., compiler, 1951, The Hotchkiss map collection in the Library of Congress: reprint 1977, Sterling Press, Falls Church, VA, 76 p.

Lessing, P., 1988, Early geological maps of West Virginia: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, abstract v. 72, p. 966-967.

Lessing, P., 1989, The first survey publication: West Virginia Geological Survey, Mountain State Geology, p. 22-24.

Lessing, P. and Simcoe, N. L., 1988, Catalog of West Virginia maps: 3rd edition, West Virginia Geological Survey, Open File Report OF-8701, 472 p.

Lyell, C., 1845, Travels in North America, in the years 1841-2; with geological observations on the United States, Canada, and Nova Scotia: Wiley and Putnam, NY, v. 1,251 p., v. 2,231 p.

MacFarlane, J., 1879, An American geological railway guide, giving the geological formation at every railway station, with notes on interesting places on the routes, and a description of each of the formations: Appleton & Co., NY, 216 p.

Maclure, W., 1817, Observations on the geology of the United States of America…: Abraham Small, Philadelphia, PA, 127 p.

Marcou, J., 1853, A geological map of the United States, and the British provinces of North America; with an explanatory text, geological sections, and plates of the fossils which characterize the formations: Gould and Lincoln, Boston, MA, 92 p.

Marcou, J., 1855, Résumé explicatif d'une carte géologique des États-Unis et de provinces Anglaises de l'Amérique du Nord: Bulletin de la Societe Géologique de France, 2nd series, tome XII, 124 p.

Marcou, J., 1893, Second supplement to Mapoteca Geologica Americana: American Geologist, v. 11, p. 95-99.

Marcou, J. and Marcou, J. B., 1884, Mapoteca Geologica Americana - a catalogue of geological maps of America (north and south) 1752-1881 in geographic and chronologic order: (with supplement) U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin no. 7, 184 p.

McGee, W. J., 1885, Report of Mr. W. J. McGee: U. S. Geological Survey, 5th Annual Report, p. 34-41.

Merrill, G. P., 1906, Contributions to the history of American geology: Report of the U. S. National Museum (Annual Report Smithsonian Institution, 1904), Washington, D.C., p. 189-733.

Merrill, G. P., 1924, The first one hundred years of American geology: Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 773 p. (Original contains Maclure's 1809 map and 1969 reprint by Hafner Publishing Co. contains Maclure's 1817-B map).

Moxon, C., editor, 1843, The geologist, being a record of investigation in geology, mineralogy, etc., for the year 1843: H. Bailliere, London, v. 2, 248 p.

Owen, D. D., 1846, On the geology of the western states of North America: Quarterly Journal Geological Society of London, v. 2, part 1, p. 433-447.

Owen, R., 1857, Key to the geology of the globe: Gould and Lincoln, Boston, MA, 256 p.

Schneer, C. J., 1981, William Maclure's geological map of the United States: Journal of Geological Education, v. 29, p. 241-246.

Stevens, H. N., 1920, Lewis Evans, his map of the middle British colonies in America: Stevens, Son, and Stiles, London, 58 p., 1971 reprint, Arno Press, NY.

Stevenson, J. J., 1875, Notes on the geology of West Virginia, no. II: Proceeding American Philosophical Society, v. 14, p. 370-401.

Taff, J. A. and Brooks, A. H., 1896, Buckhannon folio: U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas 34, 11 p.

Walker, F. A., 1874, Statistical atlas of the United States based on the results of the ninth census 1870: Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., 51 p., 56 plates.

Weeks, J. D., 1894, The Potomac and Roaring Creek coal fields in West Virginia: U. S. Geological Survey, 14th Annual Report, part II, p. 573-590.

Wells, J. W., 1959, Notes on the earliest geological maps of the United States, 1756-1832: Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, v. 49, no. 7, p. 198-204.

White, G. W., 1969, Early geological observations in the American midwest: in Schneer, C. J., editor, Toward a history of geology, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, MA, p. 415-425.

White, G. W., 1977, William Maclure's maps of the geology of the United States: Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History, v. 8, p. 266-269.

White, G. W. and Slanker, B. O., 1962, Early geology in the Mississippi valley: University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 26 p.

White, I. C., 1891, Stratigraphy of the bituminous coal field of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia: U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 65, 212 p.

White, M. W., 1873, White's new county and district atlas of the state of West Virginia: M. W. White, Grafton, WV, 72 p.

Willis, B., 1893, The mechanics of Appalachian structure: U. S. Geological Survey, 13th Annual Report, part II, p. 221-281.

Woodbridge, W. C., 1824, A system of universal geography, ancient and modern; on the principles of camparison and classification: Oliver D. Cook and Sons, Hartford, CT, 336 p.

  • Download PDF